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Catalogue Entry

This vase is one ofÌýa collection of Greek vasesÌýheld by the ¶¶ÒõÂÃÐÐÉä Art Museum.

Gift to ¶¶ÒõÂÃÐÐÉä Classics Department
Transferred to ¶¶ÒõÂÃÐÐÉä Museum of Natural History
Ìý(2006)

Height: 10.8 cm
Diameter (max.): 7.0 cm
Date: c. 950-850 B.C.E.
Origin: Cyprus

Description: Small, roughly globular jug with rounded base, tall neck, and handle.ÌýTan clay. Each of four sides of body has a closed spiral design, with thick outer circle and thinner, dilute brown spiral inside. One handle, decorated with horizontal brown stripes, connects shoulder to middle of neck. Thick brown line encircles base of neck. Lip and mouth decorated in brown.Ìý

Additional photos of this vessel show details of its mouth and decorative details.

Discussion

This small jug was created on the island of CyprusÌýand, based on the shape of the neck and lip (1) and comparisons with other pottery (2), dates to the Early Iron Age, approximately 950-850 B.C.E. (3).Ìý

The jug has a mostly spherical, but subtly barrel-shaped body, which flattens slightly on either side of the handle and protruding to form small nubs. This shape is similar to, but not as exaggerated as, so-called , which were popular throughout the Early Iron Age (4). This just has a tall neck and a handle that connects the shoulder to the middle of the neck. The vessel is made of a pale buff-colored clay and decorated with a brown slip. On the handle is a series of horizontal bars. Four closed spirals decorate each side of the jug's body, with two centered around the nubs on opposite sides. A line of brown slip encircles the joining of the body to the neck and at the lip and mouth.Ìý

Judging from its diminutive size and narrow neck with a small mouth, this jug was likely used for storing oil or some other valuable liquid. If so, this jug may have had a function similar to other vessel shapes, including the alabastron, the aryballos, and the lekythos, each of which is represented by at least one vessel in the ¶¶ÒõÂÃÐÐÉä Art Museum's collection. Due primarily to the island's location and its natural resources, the cultures of Cyprus were shaped byÌýforeign influences. One of the largest influences on Cypriot culture was that of the Bronze Age Mycenaeans of mainland Greece. Through the influence of imported Mycenaean wares and interactions between local and foreign potters around 1400 B.C.E. (5), Mycenaean decorating motifs became integrated into local Cypriot styles and continued to influence decorated pottery for centuries afterward (6). This jug, then, reflects both the local traditions of Cyprus and Mycenaean influence. The shape itself, although rather generic, probably evolved from earlier local Cypriot wares (7).ÌýThe painted decorations, however, show marked Mycenaean influence: the closed spiral is a favored Mycenaean motif representing waves (8) and never occurred in Cypriot pottery before the Late Bronze Age (c. 1,600-1,050 B.C.E.). The bars on the handle are a common decorative motif, appearing on both pre-1,600 B.C.E. Cypriot pottery as well as on Mycenaean vessels (9).Ìý

Collections of Cypriot Antiquities Online:Ìý

• Ìýat the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York
• Ìýat the Institute of Cypriot Studies at SUNY Albany in New York

Footnotes

1. Andreas ¶Ù±ð³¾±ð³Ù°ù¾±´Ç³Ü,ÌýCypro-Aegean Relations in the Early Iron AgeÌý(Cyprus: Zavallis Litho Ltd., 1989): 34; pl. 113.
2. For examples of similar vases, see A. H. Smith and F. N. Pryce,ÌýCorpus Vasorum Antiquorum: Great Britain Fasc. 2, British Museum iiÌý(London: Trustess of the British Museum, 1926): Pl. 11.Ìý
3. ¶Ù±ð³¾±ð³Ù°ù¾±´Ç³Ü,ÌýCypro-Aegean Relations in the Early Iron Age: 1.
4. ¶Ù±ð³¾±ð³Ù°ù¾±´Ç³Ü,ÌýCypro-Aegean Relations in the Early Iron Age​: 34-35.
5. A. D. Lacy,ÌýGreek Pottery in the Bronze AgeÌý(London: Methuen & Co. Ltd., 1967): 167-168.
6. Vassos Karageorghis,ÌýCyprus from the Stone Age to the RomansÌý(London: Thames and Hudson Ltd., 1982): 77-79.
7. ¶Ù±ð³¾±ð³Ù°ù¾±´Ç³Ü,ÌýCypro-Aegean Relations in the Early Iron Age:Ìý34-35.
8. Lacy,ÌýGreek Pottery in the Bronze Age: 182.
9. John Daniel, "Two Late Cypriote III Tombs from Kourion,"ÌýAmerican Journal of Archaeology Vol. 41 No. 1Ìý(Jan. - Mar., 1937): 77-76.

Reference

• Chara Tzavella-Evjen,ÌýGreek and Roman Vases and Statuettes from the University of Colorado CollectionÌý(Athens: Archaiologikon Deltion, 1973): 192-197.Ìý