8 kb‐DMP1‐Cre selectively ablated YAP/TAZ expression from osteocytes

YAP and TAZ Mediate Osteocyte Perilacunar/Canalicular Remodeling

Oct. 13, 2019

Bone fragility fractures are caused by low bone mass or impaired bone quality. Osteoblast/osteoclast coordination determines bone mass, but the factors that control bone quality are poorly understood. Osteocytes regulate osteoblast and osteoclast activity on bone surfaces but can also directly reorganize the bone matrix to improve bone quality through...

Baseline lncRNA expression predicts drug sensitivity in cancer cell lines

Linking long noncoding RNA to drug resistance

Oct. 9, 2019

As we move into the era of personalized medicine, it may not be too far off that a visit to our doctor includes a number of genome-scale “seq” experiments to diagnose disease and estimate our likelihood of response to an array of possible treatments. One such experiment measures the cell’s...

Examined demographic scenarios. Abbreviations are shown for each model parameter; abbreviations are reused for parameters that share a prior distribution

Leveraging whole genome sequencing data for demographic inference with approximate Bayesian computation

Sept. 11, 2019

Accounting for historical demographic features, such as the strength and timing of gene flow and divergence times between closely related lineages, is vital for many inferences in evolutionary biology. Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) is one method commonly used to estimate demographic parameters. However, the DNA sequences used as input for...

Rat cardiac fibroblasts—which happen to be in the shape of a heart—grown on hydrogels mimicking cardiac tissue and treated with human serum.

Mimicking the heart's microenvironment

Sept. 10, 2019

Boulder engineers and faculty from the Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation (CFReT) at the Anschutz Medical Campus have teamed up to develop biomaterial-based “mimics” of heart tissues to measure patients’ responses to an aortic valve replacement procedure, offering new insight into the ways that cardiac tissue re-shapes...

Inflammatory macrophage factors identified in post-TAVR serum mediate myofibroblast deactivation on stiff hydrogels.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacements alter circulating serum factors to mediate myofibroblast deactivation

Sept. 10, 2019

The transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) procedure has emerged as a minimally invasive treatment for patients with aortic valve stenosis (AVS). However, alterations in serum factor composition and biological activity after TAVR remain unknown. Here, we quantified the systemic inflammatory effects of the TAVR procedure and hypothesized that alterations in...

Phylogenetic tree representing described and previously undescribed mycobacterial hsp65 sequences.

A Global Survey of Mycobacterial Diversity in Soil

Aug. 13, 2019

Mycobacteria are a diverse bacterial group ubiquitous in many soil and aquatic environments. Members of this group have been associated with human and other animal diseases, including the nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), which are of growing relevance to public health worldwide. Although soils are often considered an important source of environmentally...

Examples of contig depth distributions from (A) Usnea cornuta and (B) Heterodermia leucomelos used to estimate single‐copy depth of the mycobiont nuclear genome that show the cystobasidiomycete contigs (yellow arrows) fall near, or within, one order of magnitude of the distribution of the 1000 largest contigs in the metagenome (blue bars).

A taxonomically broad metagenomic survey of 339 species spanning 57 families suggests cystobasidiomycete yeasts are not ubiquitous across all lichens

Aug. 8, 2019

Premise Lichens are fungi that enter into obligate symbioses with photosynthesizing organisms (algae, cyanobacteria). Traditional narratives of lichens as binary symbiont pairs have given way to their recognition as dynamic metacommunities. Basidiomycete yeasts, particularly of the genus Cyphobasidium , have been inferred to be widespread and important components of lichen...

ATP driven actomyosin cross-bridge cycle

The ATPase cycle of human muscle myosin II Isoforms: adaptation of a single mechanochemical cycle for different physiological roles

Aug. 5, 2019

Striated muscle myosins are encoded by a large gene family in all mammals, including human. These isoforms define several of the key characteristics of the different striated muscle fiber types including maximum shortening velocity. We have previously used recombinant isoforms of the motor domains of seven different human myosin isoforms...

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Three-Dimensional Microscale Imaging and Measurement of Soft Material Contact Interfaces under Quasi-Static Normal Indentation and Shear

July 9, 2019

Understanding the contact and friction between soft materials is vital to a wide variety of engineering applications including soft sealants and medical devices such as catheters and stents. Although the mechanisms of friction between stiff materials have been extensively studied, the mechanisms of friction between soft materials are much less...

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Extensive chloroplast genome rearrangement amongst three closely related Halamphora spp. (Bacillariophyceae), and evidence for rapid evolution as compared to land plants

July 2, 2019

Diatoms are the most diverse lineage of algae, but the diversity of their chloroplast genomes, particularly within a genus, has not been well documented. Herein, we present three chloroplast genomes from the genus Halamphora ( H . americana , H . calidilacuna , and H . coffeaeformis ), the first...

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